Marburg virus: CDC warns US public health officials of Ebola-like disease

馬爾堡病毒: 疾病預防控制中心(CDC)警告美國公共衛生官員(注意)埃博拉/伊波拉類疾病
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Marburg virus disease (MVD) was reported in Tanzania and Equatorial Guinea

坦桑尼亞和赤道幾內亞報告了馬爾堡病毒病例(MVD)

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published a warning about the rare Ebola-like Marburg virus Thursday, advising American public health officials and doctors to be on the lookout.

美國疾病控制和預防中心星期四發布了關于罕見的類似埃博拉的馬爾堡病毒的警告,建議美國公共衛生官員和醫生保持警惕。
【馬爾堡病毒,是以西德城市馬爾堡而命名,又稱綠猴病病毒,綠猴因子、馬爾、馬堡病毒等,是一種致命性病毒,馬爾堡出血熱的致病源。馬爾堡病毒和埃博拉病毒有關,亦是同樣源自非洲烏干達及肯尼亞一帶,為人類和其他靈長類的共通疾病。病毒是由動物傳染給人類,但病毒始終來源不明。
馬爾堡病毒可以通過體液,包括血液、排泄物、唾液及嘔吐物傳播。對于這種具高度傳染能力,而同時致命的疾病,沒有任何疫苗或醫治的方法。病患者病狀為發高燒,腹瀉、嘔吐,身體各孔穴嚴重出血。通常病發后一周死亡。病發死亡率為25%~100%?!?br>原創翻譯:龍騰網 http://www.minocquamortgage.com 轉載請注明出處


There are two confirmed outbreaks of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in Tanzania and Equatorial Guinea. The CDC says the pathogen likely spilled over from wild animals to humans.

在坦桑尼亞和赤道幾內亞有兩處確診的馬爾堡病毒病暴發。美國疾病控制與預防中心表示,病原體可能從野生動物蔓延到人類。

There have been no reported Marburg diagnoses in the U.S., but the CDC seeks to "increase awareness of the risk of imported cases in the United States."

美國目前為止還沒有確診馬爾堡病毒的報告,但美國疾病控制與預防中心試圖“提高對美國輸入性病例風險的認識”。
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The disease is usually spread through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluids rather than airborne transmission.

這種疾病通常通過接觸受感染的血液或其他體液傳播,而不是通過空氣傳播。


Electron Micrograph Of The Marburg Virus. Marburg Virus, First Recognized In 1967, Causes A Sever Type Of Hemorrhagic Fever, Which Affects Humans, As Well As Non Human Primates.

馬爾堡病毒的電子顯微照片。馬爾堡病毒于1967年首次被發現,它會導致一種嚴重的出血熱,影響人類和非人類靈長類動物。

"Currently, the risk of MVD in the United States is low; however, clinicians should be aware of the potential for imported cases," the CDC said.

“目前,MVD在美國的風險很低; 不過,臨床醫生應該意識到輸入病例的可能性?!?

The disease has epidemic potential, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). It has high fatality rates — out of eight Tanzanian cases reported so far, five of the patients died.

據世界衛生組織(WHO)表示,這種疾病有流行的潛力。它的致死率很高——迄今為止,在坦桑尼亞報告的8例病例中,有5名患者死亡。

Equatorial Guinea officials reported their first outbreak Feb. 13, where there have been 14 confirmed cases and 10 deaths. The Tanzanian government announced its first-ever outbreak of MVD on March 21.

赤道幾內亞官員于2月13日報告了他們的首次疫情,當時已有14例確診病例和10例死亡。3月21日,坦桑尼亞政府宣布該國首次爆發MVD。


This transmission electron micrograph (TEM) revealed some of the ultrastructural morphology exhibited by the Marburg virus, the cause of Marburg hemorrhagic fever.

這張透射電子顯微照片(TEM)顯示了引起馬爾堡出血熱的馬爾堡病毒所表現出的一些超微結構形態。
【透射電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope,簡稱TEM),可以看到在光學顯微鏡下無法看清的小于0.2um的細微結構,這些結構稱為亞顯微結構或超微結構。要想看清這些結構,就必須選擇波長更短的光源,以提高顯微鏡的分辨率。1932年Ruska發明了以電子束為光源的透射電子顯微鏡,電子束的波長要比可見光和紫外光短得多,并且電子束的波長與發射電子束的電壓平方根成反比,也就是說電壓越高波長越短。TEM的分辨力可達0.2nm?!?

Symptoms include headache, fatigue, sudden fever, unexplained bleeding and gastrointestinal symptoms. Muscle and joint pain and loss of appetite are also common.

癥狀包括頭痛、疲勞、突然發熱、原因不明的出血和胃腸道癥狀。肌肉和關節疼痛以及食欲不振也很常見。

The incubation period is usually two to 21 days. The CDC noted that the disease is sometimes difficult to diagnose.

潛伏期通常為2至21天。疾病預防控制中心指出,這種疾病有時很難診斷。

"Many of the signs and symptoms of MVD are similar to other infectious diseases (such as malaria or typhoid fever) or viral hemorrhagic fevers that may be endemic in the area (such as Lassa fever or Ebola)," the CDC said. "This is especially true if only a single case is involved."

美國疾病控制與預防中心表示: “MVD的許多癥狀和體征與其他傳染病(如瘧疾或傷寒)或該地區可能流行的病毒性出血熱(如拉沙熱或埃博拉)相似?!薄叭绻簧婕皢我粋€病例,情況尤其如此/更難以分辨?!?


Equatorial Guinea officials reported their first outbreak on February 13, where have been 14 confirmed cases and 10 deaths. (Center of Disease Control)

赤道幾內亞官員于2月13日報告了第一次疫情爆發,當時已有14例確診病例和10例死亡。

The CDC says the disease's mortality rate is anywhere from 23% to 90%. There is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved vaccine for the disease, but fluid replacement and intensive supportive care in its early stages can be successful.

美國疾病控制與預防中心表示,這種疾病的死亡率在23%到90%之間。
目前還沒有美國食品和藥物管理局(FDA)批準的針對該疾病的疫苗,但在其早期階段(進行)補液和重癥支持性護理可能會有成效。