為什么古代建筑中出現了宇航員？是時光穿越嗎？
What seemingly complex concept actually has an incredibly simple explanation?
譯文簡介
這是一個古老的傳統，每當教堂進行新的修復工作時，修復者通常會加入一些現代元素。
正文翻譯
The figure of an astronaut carved on the Facade of the north entrance of the Cathedral of Salamanca, in Spain, impresses everyone who comes across this unusual representation. The church, built in the Baroque and Gothic styles, was built between 1513 and 1733. What explains the presence of this modern image in such an ancient building? Theories involving ancient astronauts, time travel, and supernatural events abound as attempts to answer the question. The answer is very simple, it is in a renovation that the church underwent in 1992. The “Porta de Ramos”, as the north entrance of the Cathedral is called, was badly damaged due to the action of time. During the restoration work, the sculpture of the astronaut was added by the bricklayer Miguel Romero, under the guidance of the architect Jér?mio García de Qui?ones, responsible for the revitalization. The fact would have obeyed an old tradition, in which restorers usually include some modern element whenever the church undergoes new restoration work.
在西班牙薩拉曼卡大教堂北入口的正面雕刻著一個宇航員的形象，讓每個遇到這個不尋常的雕塑的人都印象深刻。這座教堂建于1513年至1733年間，采用巴洛克和哥特式風格。如何解釋這個現代形象出現在如此古老的建筑中？有關古代宇航員、時間旅行和超自然事件的理論比比皆是，都試圖回答這個問題。答案很簡單，就是在1992年教堂的一次翻修中。被稱為“拉莫斯之門”的大教堂北入口由于時間的作用而嚴重受損。在修復工作中，在負責復興的建筑師Jér?mio García de Qui?ones的指導下，瓦工米格爾·羅梅羅添加了宇航員的雕塑。這是一個古老的傳統，每當教堂進行新的修復工作時，修復者通常會加入一些現代元素。
評論翻譯
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They do the same in the UK….
他們在英國也這樣做....
原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.minocquamortgage.com 轉載請注明出處
Sir, that's SO damn cool….
先生，這太酷了....
Is that Alien?
那是異形嗎?
Yep….
是的
Xenomorph!
異形！
That is absolutely amazing.Whoever chose to add a xenomorph is owed a night of drinks.I'll pay if I ever find them.
這真是太神奇了。誰選擇加入異形的就欠喝一晚上的酒。如果我能找到他們，我會付錢的。
It would greatly confuse many future generations about when did humans achieved spaceflight
這將使許多后代對人類何時實現航天飛行產生極大的困惑
Nope. The renovations are extensively documented in the archives of both the Cathedral and the City.
不。大教堂和城市的檔案中都有大量翻修記錄。
Assuming those records survive a catastrophe that the carving survives.
假設這些記錄在一場災難中保存了下來，這些雕刻也保存了下來。
At which point the carving would need to be dated and/or analysis in other ways. Assuming a method to do so exists, the difference in material might be obvious.
此時需要對雕刻品進行日期測定和/或以其他方式進行分析。 假設存在這樣做的方法，材料上的差異可能是顯而易見的。
They will. They are replicated in many places. Official records stored in various instances, ecclesiastic records, also stored in different files…
他們會。它們在許多地方被復制。官方記錄存儲在不同的實例中，教會記錄也存儲在不同的文件中……
Assuming people read instead of listening to conspiracy theories
假設人們閱讀而不是聽信陰謀論
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Those studying it still ought to be aware of the practice of adding 'upxes'. Not that that would satisfy the conspiracy on social media.
那些研究它的人仍然應該注意添加“更新”的慣例。這并不能滿足社交媒體上的陰謀論。
You're correct.100%.
But your expectations are naive (with all due respect).Honest people, as yourself, do not seem to grasp the possibilities for evil.
A con person knows that common people will not go through piles of academic and historical documentations.A con person knows that a lot of people are gullible.A con person knows that he only needs to fool people for a short time to acchieve his goals.
Am I a conman?No, but I've met evil.I can recognize “some" of its faces (not all, though, for there are thousands).
What really surprises me is that the church did not come out sooner with this simple explanation when this “astronaut" story went public.
Why newspapers did not debunck this fake-news?
你是正確的。100%正確。
但你的期望太天真了（恕我直言）。誠實的人，就像你一樣，似乎不理解邪惡的可能性。
一個騙子知道，普通人是不會翻閱成堆的學術和歷史文獻的。一個騙子知道很多人是容易上當受騙的。一個騙子知道他只需要在短時間內愚弄別人就能達到他的目的。
我是個騙子嗎？不，但我見過邪惡。我能認出它的“一些”臉(雖然不是全部，因為有幾千張)。
真正讓我驚訝的是，當這個“宇航員”的故事公開時，教會沒有早點給出這個簡單的解釋。
為什么報紙不揭穿這個假新聞?
Look, is of common knowledge in Salamanca, and in Spain.Nobody believes that the astronaut is of medi origin.
And a perfunctory search in internet, including wikipedia, will tell you that.
Whoever doesn’t make that basic research, well, the he is wishing to be fooled.And you can do nothing with people wising to be fooled, more than put them in evidence.
看，這在薩拉曼卡和西班牙都是常識。 沒有人相信宇航員是中世紀人。
在互聯網上隨便搜索一下，包括維基百科，就會告訴你這一點。
誰不進行基礎研究，誰就希望被愚弄。 對于那些想被愚弄的人，你無能為力，除了讓他們出庭作證。
It's really a case of “I believe in what I want to believe”. I didn't know about this carving but first thing that popped into my head was “maybe astronaut was added recently"?
I do know some people that would use this picture as a proof for “aliens built pyramids", etc. Even if you showed them evidence saying otherwise….
這實際上是一個“我相信我想相信的”的例子。我不知道這個雕刻，但我腦子里出現的第一件事是“也許最近增加了宇航員”?
我知道有些人會用這張照片來證明“外星人建造了金字塔”等等。即使你向他們出示了相反的證據…
My first thought was “no way it's an astronaut”
The explanation left me pleasantly surprised
我的第一個想法是"不可能是宇航員"
這個解釋讓我感到驚喜
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Looks to me more like a deep sea diver. What flora lives in outer space?
在我看來更像是深海潛水員。什么植物群生活在外太空?
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I had seen this image elsewhere and was confused your answer cleared my confusion thank you.
我在其他地方看到過這個圖像，你的回答澄清了我的困惑，謝謝。
Astonishing - right up there with the Darth Vader grotesque on the National Cathedral in Washington D.C, in the United States….
(I’m not sure who the racoon is….)
With kind regards.
令人驚訝的是，就在美國華盛頓特區國家大教堂上，達斯·維德的奇形怪狀…
(我不知道浣熊是誰....)
致以親切的問候。
Proof the church is on the dark side…
證明教會是站在黑暗一邊的…
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And what side are you on Mr Light!
你站在哪一邊，光先生!
I choose to believe it's RJ from the 2006 dreamworks' classic “Over the Hedge.”
我選擇相信是2006年夢工廠經典電影《籬笆墻外》（美國動畫電影）里的RJ。
The Ancient Alien series made a whole episode on this and that too on History Channel , so much for Misleading people, disappointing to see people are fooled by national channels
《古代外星人》系列在歷史頻道上做了一整集關于這個和那個的節目，這對誤導人們來說太多了，看到人們被國家頻道愚弄令人失望
History channel and a lot of stuff on so called educational channels like Discovery are full of nonsense. Any information you read about/see/hear anywhere should always be researched for multiple sources. It's really sad that these educational channels are stooping to such levels for business. Children watching these channels is what concerns me the most.
歷史頻道和所謂的教育頻道，比如探索頻道，都是一派胡言。你在任何地方讀到/看到/聽到的任何信息都應該從多個來源進行研究。這些教育頻道為了商業而墮落到如此地步，真是令人悲哀。孩子們看這些頻道是我最擔心的。
That epidose is about a temple in South India. This space man sculpture is not the same.
這是關于南印度的一座寺廟。這個太空人雕塑不一樣。
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The problem is that these scum “journalists/documentarians” are claiming to be unbiased
問題是，這些人渣“記者/紀錄片制作人”聲稱自己是公正的
Had this been in India they would have spread the propaganda (99.4599 % sure) that our ancestors were so far ahead of their time and mughals and Britishers destroyed everything. Our ancestors were interstellar beings and what not. They're really good at cooking stories.
如果發生在印度，他們會大肆宣傳(99.4599%肯定)，說我們的祖先遠遠領先于他們的時代，莫臥兒王朝和英國人摧毀了一切。我們的祖先是星際生物之類的。他們真的很擅長編造故事。
Oh, people did say similar things about that one. Time travel medis and whatnot.
哦，人們確實說過類似的話。穿越中世紀什么的。
In Indonesia, most people would've probably been superstitious about stuff like this, especially for people living in rural areas. I remember one time, there was a bunch of balanced rocks in a river in Java, and the people thought something mystical could've made all those balanced rocks because they think it's impossible a human could’ve done it.
在印度尼西亞，大多數人可能會迷信這樣的東西，尤其是生活在農村地區的人。我記得有一次，在爪哇的一條河里有一堆平衡的巖石，人們認為有神秘的東西可以創造出所有這些平衡的巖石，因為他們認為人類不可能做到。
I am not for revivalism,as old practices weren't without fault,but did the BRITISH and MUGHALS not loot and destroy our ancient knowledge and wealth???did they not destroy ancient seats of learning like nalanda?if they did not come and invade us then may be Renaissance which brought in era of science in west would have happened here in our nation.
我不支持復興主義，因為舊的做法不是沒有錯誤的，但是英國人和莫臥兒人不是掠奪和摧毀了我們古老的知識和財富嗎？他們沒有破壞古代的學術場所，比如那爛陀寺嗎？如果他們沒有來侵略我們，那么可能文藝復興就會在我們國家發生，而文藝復興給西方帶來了科學時代。
You mentioned that it is an old tradition that restorers add new element during restoration. I can not say about any church tradition but any restoration and conservation work undertaken on buildings of cultural importance are done according to ethics laid down by UNESCO. If this addition is done in 1992, then it is definitely against the ethics which were definitely in place in 1992.
Any new addition takes away the antiquity from the building, artifact. This is the reason you see that missing parts of Ajanta paintings are never made again but the remaining parts are conserved.
Same thing you will find in all the old buildings and sculptures of cultural heritage. Broken parts ,if replaced, never replicate original structure. New parts are added just to conserve and reinforce the original structure. Originality and antiquity of the original structure must not be taken away.
If what you have written is true, then it's in clear violation of ethics of conservation and restoration.
你提到修復師在修復過程中添加新元素是一個古老的傳統。我不能說任何教會的傳統，但對具有文化重要性的建筑進行的任何修復和保護工作都是根據聯合國教科文組織規定的道德規范進行的。如果這個增加是在1992年完成的，那么它肯定違反了1992年明確制定的道德規范。
任何新添加的東西都會帶走建筑的古韻。這就是為什么你看到阿旃陀（印度阿旃陀石窟，佛教遺跡）繪畫中缺失的部分永遠不會再被創作出來，但剩余的部分被保存下來。
你會在所有的文化遺產的老建筑和雕塑中發現同樣的事情。損壞的部件，如果更換，絕不復制原來的結構。添加新部件只是為了保護和加強原有結構。原始結構的原創性和古韻絕不能被剝奪。
如果你寫的是真的，那么這顯然違反了保護和修復的倫理。
The standard you are referring to relates to the designation of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Those sites are identified as both culturally significant and under threat of development or disturbance. The preservation guidelines you mentioned are not a general code of ethics for all conservation and restoration, but specifically targeted to exemplars of a period and place which is unique in the world and might otherwise be damaged or destroyed.
The example in the original answer related to an element of an historic facade which was in need of repair and was restored with a slight modification that was in keeping with the historic tradition. It really depends on your opinion of what is important with regard to historic artifacts. In some cultures, value is placed on the obxt itself as a physical piece. In other cultures, value is placed on the craft and techniques of the artisans - the human expertise.
你提到的標準涉及聯合國教科文組織世界遺產的指定。這些遺址被認為具有重要的文化意義，并受到開發或干擾的威脅。你提到的保護準則并不是所有保護和修復的通用道德準則，而是專門針對在世界上時期和地點都獨一無二的、可能遭到損壞或破壞的的范例。
原答案中的例子涉及到一個歷史建筑立面的元素，該元素需要修復，并在與歷史傳統保持一致的情況下進行了輕微的修改。這真的取決于你對歷史文物的重要性的看法。在一些文化中，價值被放在物體本身作為一個物理部分。在其他文化中，價值在于工匠的工藝和技術——人類的專業知識。
For example, there is a shrine in Ise, Japan called Ise Jingu which has been rebuilt on a 20-year cycle for the past 1,500 years. As a result, Japan has maintained an unbroken line of craftspersons skilled in the ancient traditional arts of thatching, nail-less timber joinery, and ornamental carving, all without power tools. The shrine was last rebuilt in 2013 and planning is already underway for the next reconstruction in 2033.
I believe there is value in both approaches to preservation. Some things should be put under total protection, for all time. I also think it is good for humanity to preserve ancient skills and knowledge, even at the cost of occasionally disassembling a building.
例如，日本伊勢有一座名為伊勢神宮的神社，在過去的1500年里，它以20年為周期重建。因此，日本維持了一支不間斷的工匠隊伍，他們精通古老的傳統藝術，如茅草蓋屋頂、無釘細木工和裝飾雕刻，所有這些都不需要電動工具。神社上一次重建是在2013年，而2033年的下一次重建計劃已經在進行中。
我相信這兩種保存方法都有價值。有些東西應該受到全面保護，永遠保護。我還認為，保存古老的技能和知識對人類是有益的，即使以偶爾拆除建筑物為代價。